52 lines
2.5 KiB
Markdown
52 lines
2.5 KiB
Markdown
# ESP32 Specifications
|
||
> **芯片：esp32** | **类别：specs** | **信源：** [Espressif 官方文档](https://docs.espressif.com)
|
||
|
||
## 1. Core Architecture
|
||
- **CPU:** Dual-core Xtensa® LX6, 240 MHz（可选单核版本）
|
||
- **性能:** 单核 539.98 CoreMark / 双核 1079.96 CoreMark
|
||
- **Wireless:** 802.11 b/g/n (Wi-Fi 4), Bluetooth Classic (v4.2), BLE (v4.2)
|
||
- **协处理器:** ULP（超低功耗协处理器），用于 Deep-sleep 模式下的传感器操作
|
||
- **Application:** 双核 IoT 旗舰，支持经典蓝牙的遗留项目
|
||
|
||
## 2. Memory & Storage
|
||
- **SRAM:** 520 KB internal（指令+数据+Cache 共享）
|
||
- **RTC SRAM:** 16 KB（8 KB Fast + 8 KB Slow，Deep-sleep 可保持）
|
||
- **ROM:** 448 KB Boot ROM
|
||
- **DRAM:** Data RAM, single-byte accessible
|
||
- **IRAM:** Instruction RAM, code for interrupts/flash writes must reside here
|
||
- **PSRAM:** Supports external Pseudo-Static RAM, max 8 MB（standard on WROVER modules）
|
||
- **外部 Flash:** max 16 MB QSPI
|
||
|
||
## 3. Peripheral Mapping
|
||
- **GPIO Count:** 34（GPIO0–GPIO19, GPIO21–GPIO23, GPIO25–GPIO27, GPIO32–GPIO39）
|
||
- **ADC:** 18 channels, 12-bit SAR（ADC1: 8ch on GPIO32–39, ADC2: 10ch on GPIO0/2/4/12–15/25–27）
|
||
- **DAC:** 2 channels, 8-bit（GPIO25, 26）
|
||
- **Touch:** 10 capacitive touch channels
|
||
- **Hardware PWM:** LEDC 16 channels + MCPWM ×2
|
||
- **UART:** 3 controllers (UART0/UART1/UART2)
|
||
- **I2C:** 2 controllers（any GPIO via matrix）
|
||
- **SPI:** 4 controllers（SPI0/1 Flash, SPI2/HSPI, SPI3/VSPI user-accessible）
|
||
- **I2S:** 2 controllers
|
||
- **CAN (TWAI):** 1 controller, CAN 2.0
|
||
- **霍尔传感器:** 1 个（仅 ESP32 独有）
|
||
- **温度传感器:** 1 个内置
|
||
|
||
## 4. Hardware Safety & Constraints
|
||
- **Flash Voltage Trap:** GPIO12 (MTDI). If HIGH at boot, sets flash to 1.8V — bricking risk for 3.3V modules.
|
||
- **ADC2/WiFi Conflict:** ADC2 cannot be used when Wi-Fi or Bluetooth is active. Use ADC1 (GPIO32–39).
|
||
- **Input-Only Pins:** GPIO34, 35, 36, 39. No output drivers, no internal pulls.
|
||
- **Flash Pins:** GPIO6–11（RESERVED — Never use）
|
||
- **PSRAM Pins:** GPIO16, 17（RESERVED on WROVER modules）
|
||
- **Strapping Pins:** 0, 2, 5, 12(MTDI), 15(MTDO)
|
||
- **供电:** 2.7–3.6V, 推荐 3.3V, 纹波 <75mVpp
|
||
- **峰值电流 (WiFi TX):** ~500 mA
|
||
- **Deep-sleep 电流:** ~10 µA
|
||
- **工作温度:** −40°C ~ +85°C
|
||
- **封装:** QFN 5×5mm 或 6×6mm (48-pin)
|
||
|
||
## 5. 功耗模式
|
||
- Active (WiFi TX, 20dBm)：电流（典型）=~240 mA
|
||
- Modem-sleep：电流（典型）=~20 mA
|
||
- Light-sleep：电流（典型）=~0.8 mA
|
||
- Deep-sleep：电流（典型）=~10 µA
|